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History & Evolution
 
Historians believe that while the indica variety of rice was first domesticated in the area covering the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas (i.e. north-eastern India), stretching through Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Southern China, the japonica variety was domesticated from wild rice in southern China which was introduced to India before the time of the Greeks. Chinese records of rice cultivation go back 4000 years.
It is said that ‘sociology’ is the present history and ‘History is past sociology’.  Whether sociology or history, it goes without saying that “rice is life”.  Let us explore the History and evolution of rice through a series of RLOs!
 

13
Jul

Origin of rice

Contributed by rkmp.drr on Wed, 2011-07-13 16:58

1. In the beginning rice grew wild, but today most countries cultivate varieties belonging to the Oryza type which has around twenty different species. Only two of them offer an agriculture interest for humans.

2. Oryza sativa: a common Asian rice found in most producing countries which originated in the Far East at the foot of the Himalayas. O. sativa japonica grew on the Chinese side of the mountains and O. sativa indica on the Indian side. The majority of the cultivated varieties belong to this species, which is characterized by its plasticity and taste qualities.

File Courtesy: 
http://unctad.org/infocomm/anglais/rice/characteristics.htm
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13
Jul

Evolution of rice

Contributed by rkmp.drr on Wed, 2011-07-13 16:59

1. Chang (2000) made exhaustive review on the pattern for rice evolution was suggested as from perennial wild to annual wild and then to cultivated. Therefore, the evolution for O. sativa is O. rufipogon to O. nivara to O. sativa in Asia. In parallel, the evolution for O. glaberrima is O. longistaminata to O. barthii and then to O. glaberrima in Africa.

2. It is believed that rice originated in the marsh areas and spread toward the dry lands and hills. The domestication of rice, including such cultural practices as puddling and transplanting, might have first taken place in China.

File Courtesy: 
http://www.answers.com/topic/the-natural-history-of-rice
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13
Jul

History of rice cultivation in World

Contributed by rkmp.drr on Wed, 2011-07-13 17:02

1. Rice cultivation is the principal activity and source of income for millions of households around the globe, and several countries of Asia and Africa are highly dependent on rice as a source of foreign exchange earnings and government revenue.

2. Rice is the second largest produced cereal in the world. At the beginning of the 1990s, annual production was around 350 million tons and by the end of the century it had reached 410 million tons.

File Courtesy: 
http://www.rice-trade.com/world-wide-rice-production.html
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13
Jul

History of rice cultivation in India

Contributed by rkmp.drr on Wed, 2011-07-13 17:03

1. Historians believe that while the indica variety of rice was first domesticated in the area covering the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas (i.e. north-eastern India), stretching through Burma, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and Southern China, the japonica variety was domesticated from wild rice in southern China which was introduced to India before the time of the Greeks. Chinese records of rice cultivation go back 4000 years.

File Courtesy: 
http://www.rice-trade.com/origin-history-of-rice.html
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13
Jul

History of development of rice varieties in India

Contributed by rkmp.drr on Wed, 2011-07-13 17:05

1. Rice breeding programme in India was started by Dr. G. P. Hector, the then Economic Botanist during 1911 in undivided Bengal with headquarters at Dacca (now in Bangladesh). Subsequently, in 1912, a crop specialist was appointed exclusively for rice in Madras Province.

File Courtesy: 
http://dacnet.nic.in/rice/Rice%20Varieties%20in%20India.htm
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